A. Lucknow
B. Kolkata
C. Meerut
D. Jhansi

Background of the Indian Rebellion of 1857

The events of 1857 are described differently in historical literature. They are variously referred to as the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the Indian Mutiny, the First War of Independence (in much of Indian historiography), and the War of Independence of 1857 (in Pakistani historical narratives). Regardless of terminology, it remains one of the most significant anti-colonial uprisings against British rule in the Indian subcontinent.

The immediate cause of the rebellion was the introduction of the Enfield rifle cartridges, which were rumored to be greased with cow and pig fat—offensive to Hindu and Muslim soldiers respectively. However, the revolt was also driven by longstanding dissatisfaction over annexation policies, economic hardships, military discrimination, and political discontent.

After the revolt broke out in Meerut, rebel soldiers marched to Delhi, where they declared Bahadur Shah II as their symbolic leader. The rebellion subsequently spread to several regions, including Kanpur, Lucknow, Jhansi, and Gwalior.

Important Key Facts about the Indian Rebellion of 1857

• Date Began: 10 May 1857.
• Symbolic Leader: Bahadur Shah Zafar (Bahadur Shah II).
• Major Centers: Delhi, Lucknow, Kanpur, Jhansi, and Gwalior.
• British East India Company rule formally ended in 1858 following the rebellion.
• Government of India Act 1858 transferred authority to the British Crown.

Exam Relevance: Indian Rebellion of 1857, South Asian History, British India, Bahadur Shah Zafar, Meerut Revolt, First War of Independence, Government of India Act 1858, CSS, PMS, FPSC, PPSC, NTS, OTS, FIA, MOD, ASF, Lecturer Tests, and Competitive Examinations.